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FREE RADICAL REACTIONS
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FREE RADICAL REACTIONS
M.Sc.

FREE RADICAL REACTIONS

chempedia2022-12-26T23:19:29+05:30December 26th, 2022|

Lesson Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introductions 1.2 Mechanism of free radical substitution 1.2.1 Free-radical substitution of alkanes 1.2.2 Free-radical halogenation is most commonly applied to allylic or benzylic halogenations 1.3 Neighbouring group assistance in free radical reactions 1.4 Reactivity 1.4.1 Reactivity for aliphatic substrates: 1.4.2 Reactivity in aromatic substrate: 1.4.3 Reactivity in the attacking radicals: [...]

Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution
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Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution
M.Sc.

Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution

chempedia2026-02-09T18:56:58+05:30December 25th, 2022|

Lesson Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introductions 1.1.1 Leaving groups as (or leaving) nucleophiles or nucleofuge 1.1.2 Incoming nucleophile 1.2. Mechanism SN2 Reaction 1.3. The SN1 mechanism (carbocation process) 1.3.1 Evidence for the SN1 mechanism 1.4. Mixed SN1 and SN2 mechanism 1.5. SNi mechanism 1.6. SET mechanism 1.6.1 Evidence for SET mechanism: 1.7. Neighbouring Group Participation [...]

Stereochemistry
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Stereochemistry
M.Sc.

Stereochemistry

chempedia2022-12-23T18:59:38+05:30December 23rd, 2022|

Lesson Structure Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes Decalins Effect of Conformation on reactivity Conformation of sugars Steric strain due to unavoidable crowding Element of symmetry Chirality Molecules more than one chiral center threo and erythro isomers Method of resolution Optical purity Enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups and Faces Stereospecific and stereoselective synthesis Asymmetric synthesis Optical activity [...]

Estimation of sulpha drug
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Estimation of sulpha drug
Organic Chemistry Practical

Estimation of sulpha drug

chempedia2025-06-16T14:23:42+05:30December 13th, 2022|

Aim: Determination the percentage purity of the given sample of a sulpha drug having molecular weight _________. Requirement: Acetone 10 % sodium acetate Potassium dichromate solution (10%) Standard AgNO3 Process: Weigh exactly about 0.2 gm of the given sample of sulpha drug and dissolve in a mixture of 25 ml Acetone & 20 ml 10 [...]

Estimation of Penicillin
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Estimation of Penicillin
Organic Chemistry Practical

Estimation of Penicillin

chempedia2025-06-16T14:23:53+05:30December 12th, 2022|

Aim: Determination the potency of the Penicillin G in per mg Requirement: 0.01N NaS2O3 solution 0.01N I2 solution 1 N NaOH solution (Approx.) 1 N HCl solution (Approx.) Process: Weigh exactly about 0.05 gm (50 mg) of the given penicillin and dissolve it in distilled water and finally make the volume 100 ml in Standard [...]

Estimation of amino acids
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Estimation of amino acids
Organic Chemistry Practical

Estimation of amino acids

chempedia2025-06-16T14:23:54+05:30December 12th, 2022|

Aim: Estimation of amino acids Requirements: Sodium Hydroxide 40% formalin Solution Phenolphthalein Glycine Principle: Amino acids like glycine, alanine, etc. contain one amino group and one carboxylic group as part of their structures. These groups being of opposite nature neutralize one another intramolecularly and form internal salts called zwitter ions or dipolar ions. These ions [...]

Preparation of tribromobenzene (symmetrical) from aniline
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Preparation of tribromobenzene (symmetrical) from aniline
Organic Chemistry Practical

Preparation of tribromobenzene (symmetrical) from aniline

chempedia2026-02-11T21:25:47+05:30December 11th, 2022|

Aim: Preparation of tribromobenzene (symmetrical) from aniline Requirements: Aniline Glacial acetic acid Bromine + Glacial acetic acid Alcohol Sulphuric acid Benzene Sodium nitrite Procedure: Step 1: Preparation of 2,4,6 tribromoaniline from aniline Dissolve 5.0 mL distil aniline in 19.4 mL gla. Acetic acid shaking well then take 8.6 ml bromine solution in 20.4 mL gla. [...]

Preparation of p-bromo Aniline from acetanilide
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Preparation of p-bromo Aniline from acetanilide
Organic Chemistry Practical

Preparation of p-bromo Aniline from acetanilide

chempedia2026-02-11T21:25:57+05:30December 11th, 2022|

Aim: Preparation of p-bromo Aniline from acetanilide Requirements: Acetanilide Acetic acid Bromine Ethanol Potassium hydroxide Procedure: Step 1: Preparation of p-bromo acetanilide from acetanilide Take 5.0 g acetanilide in 22 mL gla. Acetic acid dissolves the substance in beaker this solution is (I) another beaker takes 12.0 mL of bromine in 11.0 mL gla. Acetic [...]

Preparation of m-nitroaniline from nitrobenzene
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Preparation of m-nitroaniline from nitrobenzene
Organic Chemistry Practical

Preparation of m-nitroaniline from nitrobenzene

chempedia2026-02-11T21:28:53+05:30December 11th, 2022|

Aim: Preparation of m-nitroaniline from nitrobenzene Requirements: Nitro Benzene Fuming Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Sodium Sulphide Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Methanol Procedure: Step 1 Preparation of m- dinitrobenzene from nitrobenzene Take 6.0 mL of fuming nitric acid in a 100 mL round bottomed flask and add carefully with shaking 12.0 mL con. Sulfuric acid and 6.0 [...]

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