Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy

Lesson Structure

1.0     Objective

1.1     Introduction

1.2     Nuclear spin: Magnetic and non-magnetic nuclei

1.3     Angular momentum of the nucleus

1.4     Magnetic moment associated with the spinning nucleus

1.5     Energy of a nucleus (I _≠ 0) in a magnetic field

1.6     Resonance frequency for hydrogen nucleus (¹H)

1.7     Population of nuclear energy levels

1.8     Mechanism of Interaction between spinning nucleus and external magnetic field

1.9     Instrumentation

1.10   Chemical shift: The position of NMR signals

1.11   Measurement of chemical shift

1.12   Reference for measuring chemical shift

1.13   Factors affecting the values of chemical shift

1.14   Equivalent and non-equivalent protons

1.15   Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons

1.16   Peak Area and Proton counting: NMR Integrals

1.17   Splitting of NMR Signals: Spin-Spin Coupling

1.18   Pascal’s Triangle

1.19   The coupling constant (J)

1.20   Factors affecting the values of coupling constant (J)

1.21   Relaxation Processes

1.22   Width of an NMR signal

1.23   Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy

1.24   Carbon-13 chemical shifts

1.25   Proton coupled ¹³C NMR spectra

1.26   Proton decoupled ¹³C NMR spectra

1.27   Off – resonance decoupling

1.28   The Pulsed Fourier Transform (FT) NMR

1.29    ¹⁹F NMR

1.30    ³¹P NMR spectroscopy

1.31   Applications of NMR spectroscopy

              Solved Examples

              Model Question

              References

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